Wednesday, 15 July 2020

Conjunctions: and, so, but, because

Suitable for Elementary CEFR A2+

And or but?

We use and to add relevant information

For example:

I have a cat and a dog.


cat-and-dog | editgif.com/cat-and-dog.jpg | Katlene Niven | Flickr


or join two sentences that are similar or to be taken together. These are usually two sentences with positive meaning or two sentences with negative meaning.

For example: 

He got up at 7am and had a shower
[_____________]       [__________]          
     positive 😊              positive 😊

Wake Up Time | Free SVG

She is very afraid of spiders and hates it when she finds them in the bathroom.
[_____________________]        [____________________________________]
              negative 😟                                                 negative 😟


We use but to join two different or contrasting sentences. But is often used to join a positive sentence with one that has negative meaning.

For example:

We ordered some food but it arrived late.
[_________________]       [__________]
          positive 😊                 negative 😞    
 
He is very slim but he isn't very healthy.
[___________]      [_______________]   
  positive 😊                 negative 😞

They went to the party but they didn't enjoy it.
[_________________]       [_____________]
         positive 😊                     negative 😞

So or because?

We use so to tell the results of an action or situation and we use because to tell the cause of an action or situation.

For example:

I'm going to be late because the traffic is awful.
[______________]                [_____________]
         situation                                  reason
           2nd                                        1st

File:Bank holiday weekend traffic jam on the A31(T), New Forest ...


The traffic is awful so I'm going to be late.
[_____________]       [______________]
       situation                          result
         1st                                 2nd

She wasn't busy so she helped me.
[____________]      [___________]
      situation                    result
          1st                          2nd

The dog was happy because he had fun at the park.
[_______________]              [_________________]
        situation                                     reason
           2nd                                           1st


Activity

Complete the sentences with the correct conjunction.

1. I like chocolate ______ fruit.
2. It was raining ______ we took our umbrellas.
3. They always studied hard _____ they passed their exams.
4. She was late for class _______ the bus arrived late.
5. It was cold when I left the house this morning _____ I put on a hat and a scarf.


Post your answers in the comments and don't forget to like and subscribe for more free English lessons!












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